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Ardashir I or Ardeshir I (Middle Persian:, New Persian: اردشیر), also known as Ardashir the Unifier〔''SASANIAN DYNASTY'', A. Shapur Shahbazi, Encyclopaedia Iranica, (July 20, 2005).()〕 (180–242 AD), was the founder of the Sasanian Empire. He was the ruler of Estakhr since 206, subsequently Pars Province since 222, and finally "King of Kings of Sasanian Empire" in 224 with the overthrow of the Parthian Empire, ruling the Sasanian Empire until his death in 242. The dynasty ruled for four centuries, until it was overthrown by the Rashidun Caliphate in 651. Ardashir (''Arđaxšēr'' from Middle Persian and Parthian ''Artaxšaθra'', Pahlavi ''ʼrthštr'', "Who has the Divine Order as his Kingdom") is also known as Ardeshīr-i Pāpagān ("Ardashir, son of Pāpağ"), and other variants of his name include Latinized ''Artaxares'' and ''Artaxerxes''. ==Early life== Various different sources relate details of Ardashir's early life. According to Al-Tabari, Ardashir was born to a Persian noble family in Tiruda, a village in Estakhr.〔 His grandfather Sasan is described as a priest of a fire-temple called ''Fire of Anahita'' in Estakhr. The grandmother of Ardashir was a descendant of the Bazrangi noble family. His father was named Papak (Babak in Modern Persian), a son of Sasan. However, the Ka'ba-ye Zartosht does not name Sasan as Papak's father but instead names him as the ''lord''. According to ''Book of Deeds of Ardashir Son of Papak'', which is later confirmed by Ferdowsi's ''Shahnameh'', Sasan married the daughter of Papak after the latter discovered that Sasan had royal Achaemenid descent. Hence Ardashir was born. Commenting on this text, Mary Boyce, a British scholar of Iranian languages, stated: Furthermore, Iranian historian Touraj Daryaee has stated that the Bundahishn should be used a source for the family of Ardashir, which unlike the other Sasanian sources, was not created by the court, in the words of Daryaee, "to fit the world-view of the late Sasanian world."〔http://www.tourajdaryaee.com/wp-content/uploads/docs/daryaee-article-ardeshir-sasanian-rise-power.pdf〕 According to the Bundahishn, Sasan had a daughter, who married Papak, and bore him Ardashir. Furthermore, the Bundahishn states that Sasan was the son of a certain Weh-afrid. Daryaee also states that Sasan was not a native of Pars as thought, but an Iranian foreigner from either the west or east.〔 The Book of Deeds of Ardashir Son of Papak tells a detailed story about Ardashir during his young years including the Parthian king Ardavan, it says the following thing: 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ardashir I」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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